The Egyptian Army is the largest service branch within the Egyptian military establishment. It is estimated to number around 340,000, plus around 375,000 reservists for a total of 655-715,000.The modern Egyptian army was formed in the 1830s by Muhammad Ali of Egypt. (See Military history of Ancient Egypt for the military arrangements during antiquity.) He sought to split Egypt away from the Ottoman Empire, and to do this he bought in European weapons and expertise and built an army that defeated the Sultan and seized control over Egypt, Syria, and parts of Arabia.[2] The Egyptian Army was involved in the following wars during the Mohamad Ali Dynasty:
The Greek War of Independence
The 1831 Egyptian-Ottoman War
The First Turko-Egyptian War
The Second Turko-Egyptian War
The Syrian War
But the Europeans intervened on the Sultan's behalf, and following their intercession the Egyptian army languished until Britain took control of Egypt in the 1882 Anglo-Egyptian War.
In 1946, the British officers were ousted and Egyptians took full control.[3] The Free Officers Movement of the Army, masterminded by Nasser seized power from King Farouk of Egypt in the Egyptian Revolution of 1952. During the Cold War, the army actively fought in the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, the 1956 Suez Crisis, the North Yemen Civil War from 1962 to 1967, the 1967 Six Day War, the 1973 Yom Kippur War, and the 1977 LibyanEgyptian War.
Within three months of sending troops to Yemen in 1962, Nasser realized that this would require a larger commitment than anticipated. By early 1963, he would begin a four-year quest to extricate Egyptian forces from Yemen, using an unsuccessful face-saving mechanism, only to find himself committing more troops. A little less than 5,000 troops were sent in October 1962. Two months later, Egypt had 15,000 regular troops deployed. By late 1963, the number was increased to 36,000; and in late 1964, the number rose to 50,000 Egyptian troops in Yemen. Late 1965 represented the high-water mark of Egyptian troop commitment in Yemen at 55,000 troops, which were broken into 13 infantry regiments of one artillery division, one tank division and several Special Forces as well as paratroop regiments. All the Egyptian field commanders complained of a total lack of topographical maps causing a real problem in the first months of the war.
It has been argued that only the relatively good performance of the Egyptian Army in the 1973 war, especially in Operation Badr and in the Battle of Suez, which allowed the Egyptians to claim a level of victory and take part in the 1977 Camp David Accords without losing face.
Since the 1980s the army has built closer and closer ties with the United States, as evidenced in the bi-annual Operation Bright Star exercises. This cooperation eased integration of the Egyptian Army into the Gulf War coalition of 1990-91, during which the Egyptian II Corps under Maj. Gen. Salah Mohamed Attia Halaby, with 3rd Mechanised Division and 4th Armoured Division, fought as part of the Arab Joint Forces Command North.
FROM
Kisar1
The Greek War of Independence
The 1831 Egyptian-Ottoman War
The First Turko-Egyptian War
The Second Turko-Egyptian War
The Syrian War
But the Europeans intervened on the Sultan's behalf, and following their intercession the Egyptian army languished until Britain took control of Egypt in the 1882 Anglo-Egyptian War.
In 1946, the British officers were ousted and Egyptians took full control.[3] The Free Officers Movement of the Army, masterminded by Nasser seized power from King Farouk of Egypt in the Egyptian Revolution of 1952. During the Cold War, the army actively fought in the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, the 1956 Suez Crisis, the North Yemen Civil War from 1962 to 1967, the 1967 Six Day War, the 1973 Yom Kippur War, and the 1977 LibyanEgyptian War.
Within three months of sending troops to Yemen in 1962, Nasser realized that this would require a larger commitment than anticipated. By early 1963, he would begin a four-year quest to extricate Egyptian forces from Yemen, using an unsuccessful face-saving mechanism, only to find himself committing more troops. A little less than 5,000 troops were sent in October 1962. Two months later, Egypt had 15,000 regular troops deployed. By late 1963, the number was increased to 36,000; and in late 1964, the number rose to 50,000 Egyptian troops in Yemen. Late 1965 represented the high-water mark of Egyptian troop commitment in Yemen at 55,000 troops, which were broken into 13 infantry regiments of one artillery division, one tank division and several Special Forces as well as paratroop regiments. All the Egyptian field commanders complained of a total lack of topographical maps causing a real problem in the first months of the war.
It has been argued that only the relatively good performance of the Egyptian Army in the 1973 war, especially in Operation Badr and in the Battle of Suez, which allowed the Egyptians to claim a level of victory and take part in the 1977 Camp David Accords without losing face.
Since the 1980s the army has built closer and closer ties with the United States, as evidenced in the bi-annual Operation Bright Star exercises. This cooperation eased integration of the Egyptian Army into the Gulf War coalition of 1990-91, during which the Egyptian II Corps under Maj. Gen. Salah Mohamed Attia Halaby, with 3rd Mechanised Division and 4th Armoured Division, fought as part of the Arab Joint Forces Command North.
FROM
Kisar1
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